Annotated Bibliography

Grinin, L., & Grinin, A. (2020). The cybernetic revolution and the future of technologies. In The 21st Century Singularity and Global Futures (pp. 377-396). Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-33730-8_17

Grinin & Grinin (2020), analyze the evolution of technology and how it can change our lives. This paper, starts by asking a fundamental question; what is the future of technologies? The article takes a further look into technology advances in medicine and the future of human intelligence. The authors begin by examining how technology is being shaped and how it will shape us in return. They then explore the possibilities that science fiction offers as predictions for this future, and how these predictions are not far off from where we are today (Grinin & Grinin, 2020). They discuss technology in terms of “generations” and their stages in order to give an understanding of where the current generation is relative to time. One of the authors Leonid Grinin, is a professor at the Russian Presidential Academy of National Economy and Public Administration. He also was the rector at this institution from 2010-2013. Chronologically, Grinin has studied science and technology as they have developed throughout time.

 Tabassum, M., Kropczynski, J., Wisniewski, P., & Lipford, H. R. (2020, April). Smart home beyond the home: A case for community-based access control. In Proceedings of the 2020 CHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems (pp. 1-12). https://doi.org/10.1145/3313831.3376255

The research article by Tabassum et al. (2020), highlights the need for a heightened security system in the developed countries, due to the lack of adequate law-enforcement resources. This article is also relevant in developing countries where crime poses a major problem. For this reason, doorbell cameras can have certain benefits over other means of security like CCTV cameras and home alarms. These advantages would help to reduce crime and increase security at residences, businesses, or public places. Additionally, this article deals with how to use doorbell camera technology effectively as an anti-crime measure. The article was meant to address the following issues: What is the nature of the doorbell camera technology? Why are companies trying to market this technology? Which types of surveillance technologies can replace the function of doorbell cameras? The research article by Tabassum et al. (2020) focuses on doorbell cameras as a new anti-crime technology. The article is segmented according to the questions asked above and addresses them in an effective manner and a quantitative research done of 163 smart home users and a follow up from 13 who revealed they share there doorbell cameras. The research provides evidence that doorbell cameras work efficiently as a crime prevention tool.

 Xu, M., David, J. M., & Kim, S. H. (2018). The fourth industrial revolution: Opportunities and challenges. International journal of financial research, 9(2), 90-95. https://doi.org/10.5430/ijfr.v9n2p90

Xu et al. (2018), highlight a recent trend in robotics as an increasing number of companies provide new employment opportunities for people. In addition, their study found that productivity from robots is projected to raise both labor income and consumption. Furthermore, their study indicated that the final influences on productivity are efficiencies in automation and increased factory output. In addition to the aforementioned study by Xu et al. (2018) regarding the effects of robotics on workers in a factory setting, they also conducted research investigating productivity due to technological advancement. In addition, their study found that health-care service productivity is increasing annually at a rate estimated to be approximately 5 percent per year. Furthermore, their study indicated that the effects on productivity due to technological advancement were increased efficiency by utilizing the latest technology. This increased efficiency led to the aforementioned 5 percent in annual productivity increases. Finally, Xu et al. (2018) found that the increased efficiency in health-care settings also created more jobs for people to fill.