NUR 503R

Respond to the students discussion answer.  give feedback from what they wrote and asked them a question based off of the topic. You are not writing about how well they wright. You  just want to either piggyback from what they wrote or add a respectful response. For me, I believe that leaders can have a combination of both nurture and nature.  There are two student responses. when writing to each student, please write Student one and Student two. Resources use must be scholarly. Reviewed peered journal articles no older than seven years.  Here’s an example of how a response should look like below.Great post Jenna! I also find it interesting that studies have consistently shown that there is a correlation between leadership and an individual’s genetic makeup. I was intrigued to learn this week from the study by Boerma et al. (2017) linking the rs4950 genetic marker to personality traits associated with leadership, such as personal humility and professional will. Another study I found by De Neve et al. (2013) examined the heritability of leadership roles and found that genetic factors accounted for almost 30% of the individual differences in holding leadership positions. Another interesting finding from the De Neve et al (2013) study is that individuals who have an extra A allele of rs4950, in comparison to the G allele, have approximately a 50% higher probability of being in a leadership role compared to the average within their families (De Neve et al. 2013). Like you, I believe there is a middle ground to leadership. While I do believe genetics can contribute to leadership traits, I don’t think genetics alone results in great leadership potential. I had a similiar example of someone who developed great leadership skills through learning from experience and good mentorship.  Have you encountered any individuals who appeared to possess innate leadership qualities but ultimately proved to be ineffective or unsuccessful as leaders?

 References:

Boerma, M., Coyle, E.A., Dietrich. M.A., Dintzner, M. R., Drayton, S.J., et. al. (2017). Point/Counterpoint: Are outstanding leaders born or made? Am. J. of Pharmaceutial Education, 81(3)

 De Neve, J.-E., Mikhaylov, S., Dawes, C. T., Christakis, N. A., & Fowler, J. H. (2013). Born to lead? A twin design and genetic association study of leadership role occupancy. The Leadership Quarterly, 24(1), 45–60. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.leaqua.2012.08.001

Student one

The debate of whether leaders are born or shaped through nurture has been widely discussed. I am sure at some point or other in our lives, we have heard in some context about how someone was born to lead. The idea of someone being "born to lead" suggests that those individuals possess inherent qualities or characteristics that naturally equip them for leadership roles.  Studies suggest that certain genetic factors, such as personality traits, temperament, and cognitive abilities can contribute to leadership potential. For example, a comprehensive review conducted by Judge et al. (2002) examined the relationship between personality traits and leadership. The findings showed consistent correlations between certain personality traits (extraversion, openness to experience, conscientiousness) and leadership effectiveness, implying a genetic influence on these traits.While some individuals may have certain inherent qualities or traits that predispose them toward leadership roles, I believe that leadership can be a combination of both nature and nurture. Inherent qualities can provide a good foundation, but leadership skills can also be developed and refined through education and experience (Swaroop & Prasad, 2013). Studies show that leadership can be learned and developed through education, training programs, mentorship, and practical experience (Swaroop & Prasad, 2013). According to Swaroop and Prasad (2013), there are certain things you must be, know and do to inspire enhanced teamwork among your team members and these do not come naturally but are acquired through continual work and study. These attributes are not innate but are developed through consistent effort and ongoing learning.I remember this nurse that I worked alongside on a med/surg unit in 2009.  At that time, she had just obtained her nursing license. In the beginning, she was quite reserved and shy, and very hesitant to reach out to physicians when it was necessary. She eventually progressed to the position of charge nurse, she was always uncertain or hesitant in her approach. I recall thinking about how this quiet and shy nurse could handle this role on a busy surgical unit with physicians who are demanding. However, as time progressed, she gained more experience, and her confidence grew. She developed the necessary skills to effectively communicate and advocate for her patient's needs, as well as the team members. She supports her colleagues and helps out on the floor when it is needed. She understood the strengths and abilities of her team members and was able to assign tasks accordingly. This allowed for a more efficient workflow and ensured that patient care was optimized. Physicians and staff respect and value her input. Her growth supports that leadership skills can be learned, developed, practiced, and refined over time with experience.

References:

Judge, T. A., Bono, J. E., Ilies, R., & Gerhardt, M. W. (2002). Personality and Leadership: A Qualitative and Quantitative Review. Journal of Applied Psychology, 87(4), 765–780. https://doi.org/10.1037/0021-9010.87.4.765

 Swaroop, K. R., & Prasad, N. G. A. (2013). Are leaders born or made?. Asia Pacific Journal of Marketing & Management Review

 Student two

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After reviewing both articles regarding the argument that leadership traits are intrinsic, compared to extrinsic was extremely an interesting debate.  The great man theory, originating in the 1840’s by Thomas Carlyle, supported the idea of intrinsic traits are what great leaders are born with.  These traits included deep honest, compassion, moral vision, and care (Boerma, et al., 2017).  In addition, I found the genetic marker, rs4950 residing on a neuronal acetylcholine receptor gene (CHRNB3) – has a significant relationship with the propensity to occupy a leadership role the most interesting part (Penn State Leadership, 2023).  Even if this was the case, this would still require cultivation to be something more than just a genetic marker.In comparison, looking at the Twin studies referenced in the article comparing nature, born with leadership traits, versus nurture, coached or learned traits, one can easily argue that environment and experiences play a part in the evolving leader.  The data strongly pointed that one-quarter was inherited or nature, compared to three-quarters coached or nurtured (Goodwin & Hein, 2017). Like intrinsic traits, learning these traits requires cultivating, or coaching.Personally speaking, I am not sure I was born with leadership traits, even though my mother is a retired Nursing leader.  Before I went to Nursing school, I remember vividly telling my mother I wanted to go back to school to be a nurse, a teen single mother, only having a GED, a special needs child, while pregnant with my daughter.  All the odds were stacked against me.  At the time, my father was sitting in an intensive care unit following emergent quadruple bypass surgery with thirteen cardiac arrests and a plan of care to be airlifted to Cleveland Clinic.  During this period in my life, my mother taught me about the intra-aortic balloon pump, and the swan-Ganz catheter, both of which my father had.  My mother, a director at the time at SUNY Upstate chuckled and said, “Meredith, there is no way you could even make it through school”.  Sure, I could have been upset, or offended, but my mother knew me, the wild child of the family, and as a leader then challenged me without me realizing it.  Over the next few years, my mother was truly what mentored me through nursing school, critical thinking, and to be an amazing bed-side nurse in the Surgical Intensive Care Unit.  Early on in my Nursing career, I was fortunate enough to be employed at a Magnet designated institution where I was actively part of the Unit Practice Council, Positive Peer Evaluation Committee, mentoring new staff, and presented at Schwartz rounds to the entire hospital.  I was exposed to opportunity and embraced it with a desire to always grow.The experience, and push from the hospital to get my bachelor’s degree, is what had me go back to school.  I wasn’t fully understanding the value a BSN would give me, but it certainly shared more about leadership, knowledge and professional growth.  Again, my mother’s dialog and mentorship are what made the education come time life for application, I didn’t do this on my own accord. After completing my BSN, I without her knowing applied to the Family Nurse Practitioner program at SUNY Upstate.  My mother did try to encourage more of a leadership route for my Masters.  She spoke of my leadership skills, and the impact I had on my staff.  Again, I didn’t see the value in this.It was my experience that truly opened my eyes to leadership.  Personal and professional experiences took the family GED wild child and changed me in so many ways.  Looking back to when I was in high school, I played sports, never went to parties, was “popular”, but wasn’t involved in leading peers.  I was friends with everyone.  I wasn’t really a follower either, I was just me, stubborn, strong willed, and walking my own path of life. The one trait that stands out was that I always wanted to help people.Looking at the traits I describe for myself now would be: compassion, caring, bold, assertive when need be, quiet when need be, aware of my audience, energized, adjust my personal interactions based on who and what the person needs, highly skilled clinically, common sense, not afraid to make a mistake (as I have made many in my lifetime), strong, relatable, resilient, humble enough to always know I don’t have all the answers, data and risk driven, willing to always learn more, have a personality that engages, retains and attracts workforce.  I don’t believe all the traits I was born with, but some simply could be my upbringing.  However, the great man theory also stated, great leaders are born and will emerge when confronted with the appropriate situation (Boerma, et al., 2017).  Maybe I was born with it after all?However, looking at my mother, I believe she was born with a strong sense of leadership traits.  The way she raised us as children, we learned a lot of her traits.  My mother is a natural leader!  Watching her over the years as a Nursing Leader, and the Leader of our household, it was like a waltz she effortlessly danced.  Although my mother wasn’t a twin, she was raised by a stay-at-home mother, and a bar owner in Queens, NY.  My grandfather was a business owner, not a leader, he had a leader work for him to lead the business. The experiences my mother has had, range from Cardiovascular Intensive Care bedside, to supervisor, to case management to quality, to risk, to ambulatory surgery leadership, to Director of Nursing, retiring as the Director of the Intensive Care Unit.  To this day, I must call her every morning and evening to review the course of the day, issues, wins, outcomes, and growing and mentoring my staff.  She is still dancing the Waltz!

Boerma, M., Coyle, E. A., Dietrich, M. A., Dintzer, M. R., Drayton, S. J., Early II, J. L., . . . Williams, N. T. (2017). Point/Counterpoint: Are Outstanding Leaders Born or Made. American Journal of Pharmaceutical Education, 1-5.

Goodwin, B., & Hein, H. (2017). Natural-Born Coached Leaders. Research Matters, 83-84.

Penn State Leadership. (2023, June 6). Can Leadership Be Genetic? Retrieved from Penn State: https://sites.psu.edu/leadership/2013/01/18/can-leadership-be-genetic/

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• Compare Professional Standards for Educational Leaders (PSEL) to FPLS Using a Chart
• Inclusion
• Assessment Strategies
• Education
• Learning Disabilities
• Complete: Florida Principal Leadership Standards Introduction
• Starrat’s Multidimensional Ethic of Caring Implementation
• Chapter 2 Assignment EL Text
• Reaction Essay
• Delegating Responsibilities to Paraeducators