please Could you Underneath the Questions on the Document Provided

please could you underneath the questions on the document provided in the same font. No need for a title page.

SECTION ONE

(Answer ALL questions)

1. (20 marks)

Please give definitions of the below in several sentences. Note that each of the four questions carries five marks and therefore that single sentence answers cannot obtain full marks.

a)       Method of least squares

It is a statistical procedure that measures the value of a function in a given x data set. It can be categorized into two: linear and non-linear which can further be categorized into four: ordinary least squares, weighted least squares, alternating least squares and partial least squares. It is also known as the sum of squared errors because it reduces the sum of squared residues.

b)      Planned comparisons

It is used when a researcher chooses to focus on a few scientific sensible comparisons and ignores possible comparison. It is mainly used when one is conducting experiments and it uses two approaches: first the Bonferroni correction which compares planned multiple comparisons and ignores possible comparisons that were not planned whereas setting the significance level approach compares 5% of individual comparisons and ignores the rest of the comparisons